This special designation meant we had a seat at the table for all public meetings and stakeholder and agencies briefings. Cleanup took five years.

He said this was worrisome in light of Enbridge's plans to expand its tar sands pipeline system. "It really shouldn't be considered an additional expense," he said. The state’s $75 million consent judgment with Enbridge won’t be … The EPA put the amount at more than 1 million gallons. The most heavily oiled river banks and floodplains were upriver of Battle Creek, but oil also contaminated the river downstream to the upper end of Morrow Lake.

"The Enbridge spill  was the first major pipeline accident involving Bitumen is a tar-like substance that must be diluted with liquid chemicals so it can flow through pipelines. "The relative low fine means we will see many of the safety gaps remain," Swift said. Following the spill, the volatile hydrocarbon diluents evaporated, leaving the heavier bitumen to sink The EPA at one time estimated 1.1 million gallon or 26,190 barrels while Enbridge calculated the spill was much smaller at 843,000 gallons or 20,071 barrels.The EPA and justice officials have discretion to set penalties based on a number of factors that range from the seriousness of a violation to a company's history of compliance to spill mitigation efforts undertaken by a company.Last year, the EPA hit ExxonMobil with a $3.1 million fine for a 2013 spill of 134,000 gallons of heavy tar sands oil from the Pegasus pipeline near Mayflower, Ark.Other fines imposed on pipeline companies as part of Clean Water Act violations include a $34 million fine in 2003 against Colonial Pipeline Company for spills that dumped more than 1 million gallons of oil and gasoline across three southern states; $25 million imposed on BP Exploration of Alaska in 2011 for two oil spills totaling 213,000 gallons that fouled the North Slope of Alaska; and a penalty of $3.2 million in 2010 against Plains All American Pipeline for 10 oil spills totaling 273,000 gallons.The largest fine imposed by the EPA for a Clean water Act Violation came in 2013 when  BP Exploration and Production was hammered with a $1 billion fine over the blowout of the Deepwater Horizon that sent 210 million gallons of oil gushing into the Gulf of Mexico.Enbridge began paying the penalty for the spill years before the EPA fine was levied.

You can make a secure donation using a major credit card. The Kalamazoo River Watershed Council is the assumed name of this organization, which was incorporated under the name of the Kalamazoo River Watershed Public Advisory Council in 1998.

Those areas were either aerated to float the oil and collect it, or dredged. Residents near the spill are evacuated. MARSHALL, Mich — Saturday marks 10 years since the historic Kalamazoo River oil spill that became one of the largest inland oil spills in United States history. "At the time of the spill, Line 6B was 41 years old and had a documented history of problems and a long list of critical— and costly—repairs that needed to be done.

"In essence, the DOJ's policy is that it is not enough to just pay a penalty," "Using the leverage of the DOJ in these settlement discussions is a creative means by which to move the ball forward when perhaps a company or an industry might not otherwise do so because of capital cost or research and development cost constraints. By the fall of 2014, Enbridge had completed the remaining obligations under the 2013 Order for Removal, including the dredging of oil-contaminated sediment.

The emergency response, coordinated by Enbridge Energy, U.S. EPA, and state and local government agencies, successfully contained the oil above the remaining 80 miles of river (and Lake Michigan). "This settlement will make the delivery of our nation's energy resources safer and more environmentally responsible," said John C. Cruden, an assistant U.S. attorney in the Justice Department's Environment and Natural Resources Division. A group of local residents voice opposition to the project, but Enbridge moved forward with removing it and dredging oil-contaminated sediments in 2014.From the beginning, the Kalamazoo River Watershed Council was named as one of the “Assisting Agencies” under the “Unified Command” led by U.S. EPA and Enbridge. According to Enbridge, more than 90 percent of the oil in the river has been recovered, mostly by using booms and vacuum suction, although this remains to be verified.All major remediation and restoration of the oil-affected reaches was completed within three to five years of the spill. The pipeline company responsible for the massive spill near Marshall, Mich., agrees to deal with the Department of Justice and EPA for fines, safety improvements. "By folding the safety mandates into the settlement, the DOJ tactically maneuvered around those obstacles, he said.Prior to the EPA fine, the company had paid $2.8 billion for clean-up costs and other fines and penalties. The 286-mile-long pipeline ran from Griffith, Ind., to Sarnia, Ontario.Leading up to the accident, Enbridge had failed to repair more than 300 defects it had detected on 6B, including a flaw in the pipeline in the area of the rupture that had been known to Enbridge for five years.

Enbridge estimated more than 840,000 gallons of oil spilled. This involved more shoreline stabilization and planting of native species and plants. Specific locations along the entire impact zone with the heaviest oil contamination have been excavated; mostly these have been low-lying islands but a few low spots on the floodplains also required excavation. "I hope that it's enough to be effective. Check out this story on detroitnews.com…

The company also spent $1.6 billion to replace Line 6B.

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